Potential health risk from drinking water contamined with chromium in Zimapan, Hidalgo, Mexico
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24850/j-tyca-2025-06-04Keywords:
Groundwater, chromium, carcinogenic risk, human healthAbstract
The present study estimated the health risk potential associated with chronic chromium (Cr) intake in drinking water of Zimapan, Hidalgo. Cr monitoring was carried out before and after the drinking water treatment system. To estimate the potential for health risk from water consumption with Cr at the population level, the Chronic Daily Intake (CDI), the Hazard Quotient (HQ), the Lifetime Cancer Risk (LCRi) and the Cancer Incidence (IC) were calculated for each population sector. Cr was detected at both pre- and post-treatment monitoring, with a concentration of 0.1 mg/L. HQ values for children, adolescents and older adults are greater than 1, indicating that 17 488 individuals in these population groups are susceptible to developing non-cancer related health conditions. The LCRi associated with exposure to reported Cr concentrations estimated the likelihood of individual cancer development in susceptible groups such as children, adolescents and older adults, by the continuous and prolonged intake of water from drinking water system.
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